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Registros recuperados: 14
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Activity and composition of the benthic fauna in the Whittard Canyon and the adjacent continental slope (NE Atlantic) ArchiMer
Duineveld, Gérard; Lavaleye, Marc; Berghuis, Eilke; De Wilde, Peter.
We compared the sediment and its community on the Celtic continental slope (Goban Spur) with those in a branch of the nearby Whittard Canyon in search for evidence of canyon mediated transport of (labile) organic matter. We studied the megabenthos and macrobenthos biomass and taxonomic composition, measured in situ sediment community oxygen consumption and determined sediment concentrations of particulate organic carbon, phytopigments, and nucleic acids. While the sediment community and activity on the canyon fan was similar to that on the abyssal station near Goban Spur, the sediment within the canyon had relatively enhanced sediment community oxygen consumption rates and higher levels of phytopigments. particulate organic carbon and nucleic acids,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Zone abyssale; Canyon; Macrofaune; Métabolisme; Pigments végétaux; Deep-sea; Canyon; Macrofauna; Metabolism; Phytopigments.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00323/43370/42840.pdf
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Allocation du carbone et métabolisme azoté chez l'haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea ArchiMer
Garnier, Matthieu.
The aim of this thesis is to improve knowledge on mechanisms involved in the response to nitrogen limitation and in lipid accumulation in the microalgae haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea. The wild type strain and a lipid accumulating mutant strain were grown under different nitrogen limitation and starvation and analyzed by functional genomics. Four genes of high-affinity nitrate/nitrite transporter (Nrt2) were identified and characterized to reveal the mechanisms involved in mineral absorption in this species. Transcriptomes of both strains were sequenced and proteins affected by nitrogen starvation and differentially expressed between the two strains were identified. We so identified the functions regulated by nitrogen deficiency and potentially involved in...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Microalgues; Métabolisme; Azote; Carbone; Lipides; Genomique fonctionelle; Protéomique; Transcriptomique; Microalgae; Metabolism; Nitrogen; Carbon; Lipids; Functional genomics; Proteomics; Transcriptomics.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00353/46378/46000.pdf
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Biologie de la cellule normale et pathologique : explorer la fonction des protéines ArchiMer
Corporeau, Charlotte.
J’appartiens aux scientifiques qui étudient le monde animal, et non pas le végétal (moins bons souvenirs…). Mon échelle de travail est toute petite, c’est le compartiment intracellulaire, car j’étudie les protéines. Comment comprendre leur rôle ? Comment régulent-elles le fonctionnement normal de la cellule ? Comment renseignent-elles sur l’environnement cellulaire? Quel impact du stress sur leur fonction? Comment différencier les réponses physiologiques des réponses pathologiques ? Des modèles vertébrés et invertébrés, plusieurs types cellulaires, la découverte de fonctions: je vais décrire dans mon HDR les ingrédients qui ont produit la science à laquelle j’ai participée depuis 1995. Je vais exposer quelques scénarios de ces épisodes passés en...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Protéomiuqe; Invertébrés marins; Métabolisme; Découverte de nouveaux médicament; Proteomics; Marine inverebrate; Metabolism; Drug discovery.
Ano: 2020 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78781/80970.pdf
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Biomass, metabolism and nutrition of zooplankton in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean) ArchiMer
Gaudy, R; Youssara, F; Diaz, F; Raimbault, P.
Zooplankton biomass was measured at 20 stations located along five coastal-offshore transects in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean) during spring 1998 and winter 1999, using two nets equipped with 200 and 80 Pm mesh. Biomass was twice as abundant in spring. It increased toward the coast and the west of the gulf and was positively correlated to chlorophyll, primary production and organic particulate matter and negatively to temperature and salinity. The enrichment effect of Rhone river input and the oligotrophic influence of the north Mediterranean current (NMC) were the main distribution factors of zooplankton biomass. Higher biomass was obtained in coastal stations with the 80 mum net, which sampled more efficiently young larval stages and nauplii....
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Zooplankton; Métabolisme; Cycle saisonnal; Golfe du Lion; Zooplankton; Metabolism; Seasonal cycle; Gulf of Lions.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00321/43262/42993.pdf
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Comparative analysis of oxygen consumption rates between cupped oyster spat of Crassostrea gigas of French, Japanese, Spanish and Taiwanese origins ArchiMer
Goulletquer, Philippe; Wolowicz, Maciej; Latala, Adam; Geairon, Philippe; Huvet, Arnaud; Boudry, Pierre.
Respiration rates of various geographical strains of Crassostrea gigas were compared to assess the respiratory expenditure as a physiological indicator of catabolism (cost of maintenance). Parental oysters, sampled in France (Marennes-Oleron), Japan (Hiroshima), Taiwan (Tunkang) and Spain (Cadix), were differentiated by both their geographic origin and by mitochondrial DNA markers, allowing the distinction between the two closely related taxa Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata. After reproduction of these parental oysters, respiration rates of spat of each strain, reared under common controlled conditions, were individually estimated at 20 degrees C by using a volumetric microrespirometer. Our results demonstrated that physiological variability...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Pacific Ocean; NE Atlantic; Oyster strains; Hybrids; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Metabolism; Respiration rates; Océan Pacifique; Atlantique NE; Souches génétiques; Hybrides; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Métabolisme; Taux de respiration.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-859.pdf
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Effets des caractéristiques physico-chimiques et biorhéologiques de l'eau sur la physiologie, les performances adaptatives et la sélection de l'habitat chez la sole commune Solea solea (Linnaeus, 1758) ArchiMer
Couturier, Christine.
Shellfish culture can lead to an accumulation of exopolysaccharides (EPS) over the surface of intertidal mudflats. EPS are rheologically active polymers that change water viscosity and water flow over the branchial basket of the juvenile flatfish that colonise intertidal mudflats. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of water EPS content on various aspects of the physiology and behaviour of the common sole Solea solea. Field studies revealed that water total EPS can be up to 15 mg l 1 in the field. In sole juveniles (aged class 0+) ventilatory distress was observed at concentrations above 4 mg l-1, and the intensity of the constraint decreased with fish size. Nonetheless, neither standard metabolic rate nor tolerance of hypoxia were influenced...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Flatfish; SDA; Growth; Habitat selection; Metabolism; Hypoxia; EPS; Viscosity; Common sole; Poissons plats; SDA; Croissance; Sélection d'habitat; Métabolisme; Hypoxie; EPS; Viscosité; Sole commune.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/these-3461.pdf
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Effets d’une alimentation végétale sur la biosynthèse des acides gras et le métabolisme du bar européen (Dicentrarchus labrax) ArchiMer
Geay, Florian.
In the context of the fish farming industry needing to substitute the animal food (meal and oil) by vegetable ingredients, the main objective of this thesis was to study the long-term effects of a diet exclusively composed by plant products on the metabolism of the european sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and more particularly, on its capacity to biosynthesis the Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids (HUFA) from the PolyUnsaturated Fatty acids (PUFA) brought by this vegetal diet. Our transcriptomic approaches showed that the use of a plant food disrupted the lipids metabolism (cholesterol and fatty acids) and the energy metabolism (carbohydrates, amino acids) in the liver, but also affected other physiological processes such as the immune system. In spite of the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Nutrition; Métabolisme; Lipides; Désaturase; Delat-6-désaturase (D6D); Huile végétale; Farine végétale; Acides gras à longues chaînes carbonées polyinsaturés (AGLPI); Aquaculture; Nutrition; Metabolism; Lipids; Desaturase; Fatty acids desaturase 2 (fads2); Vegetable oil; Vegetable meal; Highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA).
Ano: 2011 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15925/13352.pdf
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Etude de la diversité métabolique des micro-organismes des sources hydrothermales ArchiMer
Byrne, Nathalie.
Since the discovery of oceanic hydrothermal vents, microbial diversity of this extreme environment was studied using both cultivation and molecular approaches. In this study the microbial diversity of active chimney from both TAG and Lucky Strike sites (Mid Atlantic Ridge) was investigated using both molecular survey and continuous enrichment culture in a bioreactor. To reproduce as close as possible environmental conditions the cultures were performed in oligotrophic conditions, in the presence of hydrogen and carbondioxide in the gas sweeping mix or using in situ sampled fluid/sea water mix as culture medium. The effect of environmental changes such as temperature and the absence or presence of sulphur was also investigated. Archaeal and Bacterial...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Culture; Molecular diversity; Metabolism; Hydrothermal vents; Microorganisms; Microbiology; Culture; Diversité moléculaire; Métabolisme; Sources hydrothermales; Micro organismes; Microbiologie.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/these-7295.pdf
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Étude des voies de bioactivation du benzo[a]pyrène et du fluoranthène chez la sole commune (Solea solea) : Profil métabolique et génotoxicité ArchiMer
Wessel, Nathalie.
The aim of this Ph‟D was to study the biotransformation and the genotoxicity of two PAH of interest, namely the benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and the fluoranthene (Fluo), in the common sole Solea solea, which is a benthic species sensitive to chemical pollution. The use of in vitro exposure models and the application of two different chemical analytical techniques allowed demonstrating that, as in higher vertebrates, the dihydrodiols and the phenols of BaP and Fluo are the major metabolites produced by sole liver enzymes. In vitro, the genotoxic potential of BaP and Fluo was demonstrated in sole, by the production of DNA adducts and oxidative DNA damage. The genotoxicity of Fluo appeared to be 50 fold less important than the genotoxicity of BaP. In the case of BaP,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Écotoxicologie; Hydrocarbures Aromatiques Polycycliques; Solea solea; Métabolisme; Génotoxicité; Ecotoxicology; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Solea solea; Metabolism; Genotoxicity.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14326/11609.pdf
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Impact de la pisciculture marine intensive sur l'environnement : contribution à la modélisation de l'utilisation de l'azote par le turbot ArchiMer
Dosdat, Antoine; Tetu, N.; Metailler, Robert; Huelvan, Christine; Desbruyeres, Elisabeth; Le Delliou, Herve.
Ce document présente une étude visant à déterminer le flux de nutriments produits par un élevage de turbots en conditions contrôlées. Les paramètres d'excrétion et de production de fèces ont été abordés en fonction des quantités d'aliment ingéré, en même temps que l'excrétion d'azote corporel. L'étude montre que le turbot est un animal plus économe que la truite arc-en-ciel pour ce qui concerne l'utilisation des protéines. Ceci est explicable par des particularités physiologiques. L'utilisation de modè les "salmonidés" pour l'estimation de l'impact environnemental des piscicultures marines est donc déconseillée.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Pisciculture marine; Environnement; Turbots; Métabolisme.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00429/54101/55431.pdf
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Métabolisme et interactions bactériennes en lien avec la vitamine B12 chez la microalgue haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea ArchiMer
Nef, Charlotte.
Vitamin B12 is an enzymatic cofactor that enables methionine synthesis and whose availability can control phytoplankton development in marine systems. This vitamin is synthesized only by select species of bacteria and archaea. Haptophyte microalgae form a widespread group with major ecological importance. However, little is known about their utilization of vitamin B12 nor their interactions with B12 producers. Our main objectives were to characterize mechanisms of acquisition and utilization of vitamin B12 by Haptophytes and the effect of B12 limitation on their metabolism by considering the model species Tisochrysis lutea. Analysis of the repartition of B12 dependency in haptophytes by molecular approaches suggest that this group would be the first to...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Métabolisme; Vitamine B12; Interactions microbiennes; Microalgues haptophytes; Metabolism; Vitamin B12; Microbial interactions; Haptophyte microalgae.
Ano: 2019 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00598/71003/69268.pdf
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Mise au point d'un outil de caractérisation de l'état physiologique des cheptels d'huîtres. Etude expérimentale sur des familles génétiques de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas ArchiMer
De Ambroggi, Céline.
This study is in keeping with the comprehension of summer mortalities that affects Crassostrea gigas Pacific cupped oysters' spa!. The aim is to characterize genetic families in a physiologic way, and to compare these families qualities with the noticed mortalities. The employed approach consists, on the one hand, in characterising Iivestocks qualities with instantaneous measurings of respiration and biometry. They respectively allow to estimate basic metabolism and to calculate state index. On the other hand, it consists in measuring differently degrees of resistance by the observation of respiration and mortality after thermal stresses. This study allowed to show that the environment and the stresses only act as indications of a pre-existent wealilless,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Familles gééntiques; Métabolisme; Respiration; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Genetic family; Metabolism; Respiration.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00412/52321/53090.pdf
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Modulation des performances cardio-respiratoires du bar europeen (Dicentrarchus labrax) par l'apport d'acides gras alimentaires: une etude integree des effets cardiaques in vivo au courant calcique de type L des myocytes ventriculaires ArchiMer
Chatelier, Aurelien.
Diet quality, and particularly fatty acids composition, is an environmental factor that is emerging as a significant source of physiological diversity. Indeed, numerous recent studies show that the fatty acid composition of the diet influences cardiac and metabolic performances of organisms. Because it is involved in the control and regulation of internal flow of matter and energy, the heart is believed to play a central role in environmental adaptation in fish. Within the double context of adaptation of individuals to their ecological niche and species evolution, understanding sources of interindividual variability and particularly fatty acid influences on the cardiorespiratory system is essential. The objective of the study was to investigate in the sea...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Dicentrarchus labrax; Arythmie cardiaque; Hypoxie; Acide oléique; Canal calcique de type L; Calcium; Nage; Métabolisme; Coeur; Acides gras; Dicentrarchus labrax; Cardiac arrhythmias; Hypoxia; Oleic acid; L type calcium channel; Calcium; Metabolism; Heart; Fatty acid.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/these-2197.pdf
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Variations of zooplankton metabolism and feeding in the frontal area of the Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean) in winter ArchiMer
Gaudy, R; Youssara, F.
Respiration, excretion (NH4 and PO4) and feeding of zooplankton from the upper 200 m of the Almeria-Oran frontal region (western Mediterranean), were studied during winter 1997. Eight sites belonging to the three main hydrodynamic structures of the area (Mediterranean water, geostrophic Atlantic jet and associated anticyclonic gyre) were considered. Lowest values of respiration, PO4 excretion, O/P atomic ratio and particle ingestion were found in Mediterranean waters. At the frontal limit, respiration and ammonium excretion were enhanced compared to the adjacent structures (Mediterranean water and Atlantic jet). In the gyre water, lowest O/N and highest N/P values were observed and maximum faecal pellet production and reproduction activity (inferred from...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mer d'Alboran; Front; Zooplancton; Métabolisme; Nutrition; Alboran sea; Front; Zooplankton; Metabolism; Feeding.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00322/43275/43006.pdf
Registros recuperados: 14
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